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How LLMs Work
Interactive visual guide based on Karpathy's lecture
- Free plan available
- No credit card
What is How LLMs Work?
How LLMs Work is an interactive visual guide that explains how large language models function under the hood. Based on Andrej Karpathy's popular lecture, it breaks down the complex mechanics of LLMs through interactive diagrams and demonstrations rather than text alone. The tool helps you understand concepts like tokenisation, attention mechanisms, and how models generate text one token at a time. It's designed for people wanting to move beyond surface-level knowledge of AI systems, whether you're a student, developer, or someone curious about how these models actually work. The visual approach makes abstract concepts concrete, letting you experiment and see results in real time.
Key features
Interactive visualisations of LLM architecture and how tokens flow through the model
Step-by-step breakdown of the transformer architecture components
Demonstrations showing how language models generate predictions
Code examples and explanations for key concepts
Browser-based interface requiring no installation or setup
Pros & cons
Advantages
- Free to access with no account required
- Visual learning approach makes complex topics easier to grasp
- Based on well-respected educational material from Andrej Karpathy
- Practical examples help bridge theory and real-world model behaviour
Limitations
- Best suited for people with some technical background or interest in machine learning
- Limited scope; focuses specifically on understanding model mechanics rather than building or using models
Use cases
Learning how transformer models work before diving into implementation
Understanding what happens inside an LLM when you prompt it
Teaching others about LLM fundamentals with visual aids
Preparing for technical interviews about AI and machine learning
Satisfying curiosity about why LLMs behave the way they do
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- Free plan available
- No credit card